Main areas of research related to artificial intelligence in the information architecture and UX design research literature
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24917/20811861.23.22Keywords:
content analysis, information architecture, research areas, UX design, literature review, artificial intelligenceAbstract
Aim/Thesis: The rapid development of new artificial intelligence (AI) technologies observed in recent years has triggered discussions about the future of information architecture (IA) and related design disciplines. This paper attempts to verify the thesis that the development of AI is significantly shaping the research field of contemporary information architecture and UX design, leading to the formation of new research areas and the identification of the most important ones. Research methods: A quantitative keyword association analysis and a qualitative approach using critical content analysis and a systematic literature review were used as the basis for identifying and characterising these areas. Subject literature recorded in the Scopus database was analysed, comprising publications published between 2019 and 2024 representing topics indexed with the most frequently used and most strongly associated keywords and publications most frequently cited. Conclusions: The analysis identified six problem areas that can be considered as the main areas of impact of the developing AI technology on research in the broad field of information architecture: (1) AI applications to support IA and UX design; (2) design of applications and web services with AI-based functionalities; (3) use of IA to organise data for AI/ML/DL; (4) education of IA and UX designers in AI; (5) human-AI interaction, explainable AI and human-centred AI; (6) theoretical foundations and methodologies for the design of IA, UX and intelligent digital products.
References
Agrawal S.S., Panchal S.B., The food app – fair and equal access to free food for anyone in need, [w:] Proceedings of IDC 2023 – 22nd Annual ACM Interaction Design and Children Conference: Rediscovering Childhood, ACM, New York 2023, s. 435-438, https://doi.org/10.1145/3585088.3595282.
Bhale S., Enhancing value proposition through AI strategy: A case-study on a targeted application of AR in field support, [w:] ACM International Conference Series. Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on E-Education, E-Business, E-Management and E-Learning, IC4E 2019, s. 453–457, https://doi.org/10.1145/3306500.3306576.
Bharat K., Cardelli L., Migratory applications, [w:] Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer, Berlin–Heidelberg 1997, vol. 1222, s. 131–148.
Binder Ch., Neureiter Ch., Lüder A., Towards a domain-specific information architecture enabling the investigation and optimization of flexible production systems by utilizing artificial intelligence, „International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology” 2022, vol. 123, no. 1–2, s. 49–81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-10141-2.
Borsci S., Malizia A., Schmettow M., van der Velde F., Tariverdiyeva G., Balaji D., Chamberlain A., The chatbot usability scale: the design and pilot of a usability scale for interaction with AI-based conversational agents, „Personal and Ubiquitous Computing” 2022, vol. 26, no. 1, s. 95–119, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00779-021-01582-9.
Brennen A., What do people really want when they say they want “explainable AI?” we asked 60 stakeholders, [w:] Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – Proceedings 2020, ACM, New York 2020, art. 3383047, https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3383047.
Colombo S., Costa C., Can designers take the driver’s seat? A new human-centered process to design with data and machine learning,„Design Journal” 2024, vol. 27, no. 1, s. 7–29, https://doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2023.2279835.
Coronado E., Mastrogiovanni F., Indurkhya B., Venture G., Visual programming environments for end-user development of intelligent and social robots, a systematic review, „Journal of Computer Languages” 2020, vol. 58, art. 100970, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cola.2020.100970.
Deka B., Huang Z., Kumar R., ERICA: Interaction mining mobile apps, [w:] UIST 2016 – Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, ACM, New York 2016, s. 767–776, https://doi.org/10.1145/2984511.29845.
Dillon A., Information architecture in JASIST: Just where did we come from?, „Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology” 2002, vol. 53, no. 10, s. 821–823, https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.10090.
Dove G., Halskov K., Forlizzi J., Zimmerman J., UX design innovation: Challenges for working with machine learning as a design material, [w:] Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – Proceedings, ACM, New York 2017, s. 278–288, https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025739.
Earley S., There is no AI without IA, „IT Professional” 2016, vol. 18 no. 3, s. 58–64, https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2016.43.
Fairstein R., Banade G., Gal K., Participatory budgeting designs for the real world, [w:] Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Washington 2023, vol. 37, s. 5633–5640, https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v37i5.25699.
Fan X., Chao D., Zhang Z., Wang D., Li X., Tian F., Utilization of self-diagnosis health chatbots in real-world settings: Case study, „Journal of Medical Internet Research” 2021, vol. 23 no. 1, art. e19928, https://doi.org/10.2196/19928.
Ferreira J.J., Monteiro M.S., What Are People Doing About XAI User Experience? A Survey on AI Explainability Research and Practice, [w:] Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), Springer, Cham 2020, s. 56–73, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49760-6_4.
Flasiński M., Wstęp do sztucznej inteligencji, Warszawa 2011.
Flechtner R., Stankowski A., AI is not a wildcard: Challenges for integrating AI into the design curriculum, [w:] ACM International Conference Proceedings Series, ACM, New York 2023, s. 72–77, https://doi.org/10.1145/3587399.3587410.
Fouad H.Y, Raz A.K., Llinas J., Lawless W.F., Mittu R., Finding the path toward design of synergistic human-centered complex systems, [w:] Engineering Artificially Intelligent Systems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 13000, eds. W.F. Lawless, J. Llinas, D.A. Sofge, R. Mittu, Springer, Cham 2021, s. 73–89, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89385-9_5.
Gheţa I., Heizmann M., Belkin A., Beyerer J., World modeling for autonomous systems, [w:] Advances in Artificial Intelligence. KI 2010, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6359, Springer, Berlin–Heidelberg 2010, s. 176–183, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16111-7_20.
Grigera J., Espada J.P., Rossi G., AI in user interface design and evaluation, „IT Professional” 2023, vol. 25, no. 2, s. 20–22, https://doi.org/10.1109/MITP.2023.3267139.
Kaplan J., Generatywna AI. Wszystko co warto wiedzieć, tłum. A. Adamczyk-Karwowska, Warszawa 2025.
Kehal I., There is no AI without IA, AI Automation, 10.07.2019, [on-line:] https://medium.com/aiautomation/theres-no-ai-without-ia-9a4b6b2ce4c8 – 5.06.2024.
Kim D., Song Y., Kim S., Lee S., Wu Y., Shin J., Lee D., How should the result of artificial intelligence be explained to users? – Research on consumer preferences in user-centered explainable artificial intelligence, „Technical Forecasting and Social Change” 2023, no. 188, art. 122343, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122343.
Knearem T., Khwaja M., Gao Y., Bentley F., Kilman-Silver C.E., Exploring the future of design tooling: The role of artificial intelligence in tools for user experience professionals, [w:] Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – Proceedings. CHI 2023, ACM, New York 2023, https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3573874.
Krämer S., Mind, Symbolism, Formalism: Is Leibniz a Precursor of Artificial Intelligence?, „Knowledge Organization” 1996, vol. 23, no. 2, s. 83–87.
Kuroki Júnior G.H.J., Gottschlag-Duque C., Information architecture applied on natural language processing: a proposal Information Science contributions on data preprocessing for training and learning of artificial neural networks, „Revista Digital de Biblioteconomia e Ciencia da Informacao” 2023, no. 21, art. e023002, https://doi.org/10.20396/rdci.v21i00.8671396/30919.
Kuroki Júnior G.H., Gottschlag-Duque C., Multimodal Information Architecture: contribution on Artificial Intelligence developments | Arquitetura da Informação Multimodal: contribuições no desenvolvimento de Inteligência Artificial, „Transinformação” 2023, no. 35, art. e226729, https://doi.org/10.1590/23180889202335e226729.
Kuroki Júnior G.H., Gottschlag-Duque C., Data and Knowledge Organization for Natural Language Processing: Searching and Identifying Better Arrangements of Texts Based on Multimodal Information Architecture, „Sage Open” 2024, vol. 14, no. 1, https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440231177042.
Kuroki Júnior G.H., Gottschlag-Duque C., Towards Multimodal Information Architecture: A social-technical approach of artificial intelligence development in Inova HFA’s Electronic Health Record (EHR), [w:] Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, Springer, Cham 2024, no. 825, s. 792–806, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3031-47718-8_51.
Li D., Information reconstruction of accounting robot based on blockchain, [w:] Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 1147, Springer, Cham 2020, s. 102-108, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43309-3_14.
Lowe D., Henderson-Sellers B., Gu A., Web extensions to UML: Using the MVC triad, [w:] Conceptual Modeling — ER 2002. ER 2002, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2503, eds. S. Spaccapietra, S.T. March, Y. Kambayashi, Springer, Berlin–Heidelberg, 2002, s. 105–119, https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45816-6_18.
Lumpas R.V., Mitrovic A., Galster M., Malinen S., Peiris P., Holland J., Question-driven design process for XAI in Active Video Watching, [w:] 31st International Conference on Computers in Education, ICCE 2023 – Proceedings, Taoyuan: Asia-Pacific Society for Computers in Education, 2023, vol. 2, s. 878–880.
Madera C., Laurent A., The next information architecture evolution: The data lake wave, [w:] 8th International Conference on Management of Digital EcoSystems, MEDES 2016, ACM, New York 2016, s. 174–180, https://doi.org/10.1145/3012071.3012077.
Mahler M.L., Weisz J.D., Chilton L.B., Geyer W., Strobelt H., HAI-GEN 2023: 4th Workshop on Human-AI Co-Creation with Generative Models, [w:] International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Proceedings IUI, CEUR, Sydney 2023, s. 190–192, https://doi.org/10.1145/3581754.3584166.
Marciszewski W., Leibniz Two Legacies. Their Implications for Knowledge Engineering, „Knowledge Organization” 1996, vol. 23, no. 2, s. 77–82.
McCarthy J., Minsky M.L., Rochester R., Shannon C.E, A proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, 31.08.1955, [on-line:] https://raysolomonoff.com/dartmouth/boxa/dart564props.pdf – 27.04.2025.
Mühlhoff R., Human-aided artificial intelligence: Or, how to run large computations in human brains? Toward a media sociology of machine learning, „New Media and Society” 2020, vol. 22, no. 10, s. 1868–1884, https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819885334.
Nadimi-Shahraki M.H., Taghian S., Mirjalili S., Faris H., MTDE: An effective multi-trial vector-based differential evolution algorithm and its applications for engineering design problems, „Applied Soft Computing Journal” 2020, vol. 97, art. 106761, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106761.
Padmasiri P., Kalutharage P., Jayawardhane N., Wickramarathne J., AI-driven user experience design: Exploring innovations and challenges in delivering tailored user experiences, [w:] Proceedings of ICITR 2023 – 8th International Conference on Information Technology Research: The Next Evolution in Digital Transformation, Colombo 2023, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICITR61062.2023.10382802.
Ramon Llull: From the Ars Magna to Artificial Intelligence, eds. A. Fidora, C. Sierra, Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, Barcelona 2011.
Rasing N., Janus S., Smalbrugge M., Koopmans R., Zuidema S., Usability of appbased clinical decision support system to monitor psychotropic drug prescribing appropriateness in dementia, „International Journal of Medical Informatics” 2023, no. 177, art. 105132, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.105132.
Resisting data colonialism. A practical intervention, Institute of Network Cultures, Amsterdam 2023.
Rice S.A., Resmini A., There is no AI without IA: In conversation with Carol Smith, [w:] Advances in Information Architecture. The Academics / Practitioners Round Table 2014–2019, eds. A. Resmini, S.A. Rice, B. Irizarry, Springer, Cham 2021, s. 223–229, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63205-2.
Robbins D.E., Gurupur V., Tanik J., Information architecture of a clinical decision support system, [w:] Conference Proceedings – IEEE SouthastCon, Nashville, TN, IEEE 2011, s. 374–378, https://doi.org/10.1109/SECON.2011.5752969.
Russo C.J., Nicklaus D.J., Tong S.S., Initial user experience with an artificial intelligence program for the preliminary design of centrifugal compressors, [w:] Proceedings of the ASME Turbo Expo, vol. 1, art. V001T01A075. Anaheim 1987, https://doi.org/10.1115/87-GT-217.
Saboury B., Morris M., Siegel E., Future directions in artificial intelligence, „Radiology Clinics of North America” 2021, no. 59, s. 1085–1095, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcl.2021.07.008.
Shen S., Li B., Li S., Construction and application of a big data analysis platform for enterprise, [w:] ACM International Conference Proceedings Series. Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence. ACM, New York 2019, s. 54–58, https://doi.org/10.1145/3374587.3374650.
Shneidrerman B., Tutorial: Human-centered AI: Reliable, Safe and Trustworthy, [w:] International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, Proceedings IUI, 26th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, IUI 2021. ACM, New York 2021, s. 87–89, https://doi.org/10.1145/3397482.3453994.
Shneiderman B., Human-Centered AI, Oxford University Press, New York 2022, https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845290.001.0001.
Siddiqui M.-F., Kumar R., Interpreting the nature of rainfall with AI and big data models, [w:] Proceedings of International Conference on Intelligent Engineering and Management, IEEE 2020, s. 306–310, https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEM48762.2020.9160322.
Sosińska-Kalata B., Relacje i wzajemne oddziaływanie między architekturą informacji i projektowaniem UX a sztuczną inteligencją. Analiza bibliometryczna, „Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia ad Bibliothecarum Scientiam Pertinentia” 2024, t. 22, s. 478–501, https://doi.org/10.24917/20811861.22.28.
Steiner M., Meiller D., Human in focus: evaluation with electro graphic methods and artificial intelligence, [w:] International Conference on Applied Computing 2023, AC 2023 and WWW/Internet 2023, IADIS Press, Funchal 2023, s. 227–232.
Subbu R., Hocaoglu C., Sanderson A.C., A virtual design environment using evolutionary agents, [w:] Proceedings – IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, IEEE, Leuven 1998, vol. 1, s. 247–253, https://doi.org/10.1109/ROBOT.1998.676384.
Suphakul T., Senivongse T., Development of privacy design patterns based on privacy principles and UML, [w:] Proceedings – 18th IEEE/ACIS International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial, Intelligence, Networking and Parallel/Distributed Computing, SNPD, IEEE, Kanazawa 2017, s. 369–375, art. 8022748, https://doi.org/10.1109/SNPD.2017.8022748.
Tandon S., Wang J., Surfacing AI explainability in enterprise product visual design to address user tech proficiency differences, [w:] CHI 2023: Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems – Proceedings, ACM, New York 2023, art. 398, https://doi.org/10.1145/3544549.3573867.
Varshney K.R., Engineering safety in machine learning, [w:] 2016 Information Theory and Applications Workshop, ITA 2016, IEEE, La Jolla, CA, 2017, art. 7888195, https://doi.org/10.1109/ITA.2016.7888195.
Yadav N., Shankar R., Singh S.P., Impact of Industry 4.0/ICTs, Lean Six Sigma and quality management systems on organisational performance, „TQM Journal” 2020, vol. 32, no. 4, s. 815–835, https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-10-2019-0251.
Yang Q., Scuito A., Zimmerman J., Forlizzi J., Steinfeld A., Investigating how experienced UX designers effectively work with machine learning, [w:] DIS 2018 – Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference, ACM, New York 2018, s. 585–596, https://doi.org/10.1145/3196709.3196730.
Yang Q., Steinfeld A., Rosé C., Zimmerman J., Re-examining whether, why, and how human-AI interaction is uniquely difficult to design, [w:] Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, New York 2020, s. 1–13, art. 3376301, https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831.3376301.
Yang X.-S., Deb S., Fong S., He X., Zhao Y.-X., From Swarm Intelligence to Metaheuristics: Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms, „Computer” 2016, vol. 49, no. 9, s. 52–59, https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2016.292.
York E., Evaluating ChatGPT: Generative AI in UX design and Web development pedagogy, [w:] Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Design of Communication, SIGDOC2023, ACM, New York 2023, s. 197–201, https://doi.org/10.1145/3615335.3623035.
Zuboff S., Wiek kapitalizmu inwigilacji. Walka o przyszłość ludzkości na nowej granicy władzy, Poznań 2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 AUPC Studia ad Bibliothecarum Scientiam Pertinentia
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
