Kalisz i jego książki – dwa razy przez Niemców niszczone… (Pomnik Książki w Kaliszu. Historia, ludzie, znaczenie, podali do druku B. Celer, H. Karolewska, M. Mikołajczyk, Kalisz: Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Książki w Kaliszu, 2025, ss. 47)

Abstract

The Germans destroyed Kalisz's book collections twice in the 20th century. The first time was when they occupied the city without a fight, abandoned by Russian troops, in August 1914 and, as a result of a provocation, completely destroyed it. The second time was in 1939, when, following the invasion of Poland, they began to liquidate the elites and cultural heritage of Poles. These actions are consistent with the Prussian and later German policy of liquidating the Polish state and nation, which has been ongoing since the 18th century.